This Technical Report gives an overview of methods which can be used for the determination of the bio-based content of solid, liquid and gaseous products. It describes more specifically:<\/p>\n
a method using the radiocarbon analysis and elemental analysis: this method is based on a statement and a verification of the composition of the products;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
methods based on measurement of stable isotopic ratio; and<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
a method based on the material balance.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
This Technical Report gives guidance on the applicability of the different methods.<\/p>\n
This Technical Report also gives recommendations for the further development of European Standards for the determination of the bio-based content.<\/p>\n
| PDF Pages<\/th>\n | PDF Title<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5<\/td>\n | Foreword <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 6<\/td>\n | Introduction <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 7<\/td>\n | 1 Scope 2 Terms and definitions 3 Method using the radiocarbon analysis and elemental analysis 3.1 Background <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 8<\/td>\n | 3.2 Principle 3.3 Basic rules 3.3.1 Oxygen, hydrogen and nitrogen elements 3.3.2 Chemical reactions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 9<\/td>\n | 3.3.3 Natural products 3.4 Test methods 3.5 Products obtained by chemical synthesis (Group 1) 3.5.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 10<\/td>\n | 3.5.2 Validation criteria <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 11<\/td>\n | 3.6 Formulated products (Group 2) 3.6.1 General 3.6.2 Calculation of the bio-based content of a sample <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 12<\/td>\n | 3.6.3 Calculation of the bio-based carbon content of a sample 3.6.3.1 Calculation as a fraction of total carbon (TC) 3.6.3.2 Calculation as a fraction of total organic carbon (TOC) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 13<\/td>\n | 3.6.4 Assessment of deviations of measured 14C values from theoretical values 4 Methods based on measurement of stable isotopic ratio 4.1 General 4.1.1 Introduction <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 14<\/td>\n | 4.1.2 Material and Methods <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 16<\/td>\n | 4.2 13C\/12C isotope ratio 4.3 18O\/16O isotope ratio 4.3.1 Isotopic measurement of water 4.3.2 Isotopic measurements of organic samples <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 17<\/td>\n | 4.4 2H\/1H isotope ratio 4.5 15N\/14N Isotope ratio 4.6 Isotopes S 4.7 Multi-isotopic determinations 5 Method based on material balance 5.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 18<\/td>\n | 5.2 Principle 5.3 Examples 5.3.1 Paint formulation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 19<\/td>\n | 5.3.2 Flexible insulation panel made from wood fibres 6 Applicability of the different methods <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 20<\/td>\n | 7 Recommendations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 21<\/td>\n | Annex A (informative) Isotope ratio tables <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 25<\/td>\n | Bibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Bio-based products. Overview of methods to determine the bio-based content<\/b><\/p>\n |