API PUBL 4627-1995

$20.15

In Situ and On-Site Biodegradation of Refined and Fuel Oils: A Review of Technical Literature

Published By	Publication Date	Number of Pages
API	1995	144

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Description

This literature review covers research activity published between 1988 and 1991 in the area of on-site and h situ bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbons. It is intended to be a supplement to a previous comprehensive review of the literature up to 1988 (Riser-Roberts, 1992), published by both the U.S. Navy and subsequently in book format by a commercial publisher. That report was intended to serve as a reference base for the utilization of bioremediation at Navy sites. It is a detailed review of the following topics: composition of petroleum products, basic microbiology, microbial transformation of hydrocarbons, and the enhancement of biodegradation rates. This API report will describe limited relevant background material as necessary to orient the reader, but will emphasize the findings of recent literature published since the completion of the Navy's review.

The focus of this report is on current field and laboratory research related to petroleum hydrocarbon biodegradation. Although the subject under review is lubricating and fuel-oil biodegradation, to restrict the discussion to these product types would be unnecessarily limiting. Much research related to biodegradation of crude oil and solvents is directly applicable to the subject at hand. Similarly, in addition to reviewing all available literature describing on-site and in situ petroleum product biodegradation, a body of literature addressing microbial activity in environments contaminated by petroleum hydrocarbons has been reviewed.

This literature review is divided into seven chapters. Chapter 1 introduces the subjects of on-site and in situ bioremediation, and describes recently published literature reviews on subjects related to petroleum hydrocarbon biodegradation. Chapter 2 focuses on the microorganisms involved in petroleum hydrocarbon biodegradation. Chapter 3 reviews literature on naturally occurring biodegradation of petroleum products. Chapters 4 and 5 describe on-site and in situ bioremediation, respectively. Chapter 6 presents recent work in fate and transport modeling that can be applied to petroleum hydrocarbon contamination in groundwater. Chapter7 offers some conclusions and recommendations.

Ideally, each article and book reviewed would be described contiguously in the most appropriate chapter and subchapter, and each chapter and subchapter would contain only literature consistent with its title. However, many articles include information about more than one subject, e.g., in situ and on-site biodegradation, or aerobic and anaerobic degradation. Therefore, priorities of organization had to be established. It was decided that articles would be reviewed and discussed in their entirety in the most appropriate place, at the expense of having some material not presented in other relevant chapters.

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