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ASTM-E1676:2004 Edition

ASTM-E1676:2004 Edition

$58.50

E1676-04 Standard Guide for Conducting Laboratory Soil Toxicity or Bioaccumulation Tests with the Lumbricid Earthworm Eisenia Fetida and the Enchytraeid Potworm Enchytraeus albidus

Published By Publication Date Number of Pages
ASTM 2004 26
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1.1 This guide covers procedures for obtaining laboratory data to evaluate the adverse effects of contaminants (for example, chemicals or biomolecules) associated with soil to earthworms (Family Lumbricidae) and potworms (Family Enchytraeidae) from soil toxicity or bioaccumulation tests. The methods are designed to assess lethal or sublethal toxic effects on earthworms or bioaccumulation of contaminants in short-term tests (7 to 28 days) or on potworms in short to long-term tests (14 to 42 days) in terrestrial systems. Soils to be tested may be (1) reference soils or potentially toxic site soils; (2) artificial, reference, or site soils spiked with compounds; (3) site soils diluted with reference soils; or (4) site or reference soils diluted with artificial soil. Test procedures are described for the species Eisenia fetida (see ) and for the species Enchytraeus albidus (see ). Methods described in this guide may also be useful for conducting soil toxicity tests with other lumbricid and enchytraeid terrestrial species, although modifications may be necessary.

1.2 Modification of these procedures might be justified by special needs. The results of tests conducted using atypical procedures may not be comparable to results using this guide. Comparison of results obtained using modified and unmodified versions of these procedures might provide useful information concerning new concepts and procedures for conducting soil toxicity and bioaccumulation tests with terrestrial worms.

1.3 The results from field-collected soils used in toxicity tests to determine a spatial or temporal distribution of soil toxicity may be reported in terms of the biological effects on survival or sublethal endpoints (see Section ). These procedures can be used with appropriate modifications to conduct soil toxicity tests when factors such as temperature, pH, and soil characteristics (for example, particle size, organic matter content, and clay content) are of interest or when there is a need to test such materials as sewage sludge and oils. These methods might also be useful for conducting bioaccumulation tests.

1.4 The results of toxicity tests with (1) materials (for example, chemicals or waste mixtures) added experimentally to artificial soil, reference soils, or site soils, (2) site soils diluted with reference soils, and (3) site or reference soils diluted with artificial soil, so as to create a series of concentrations, may be reported in terms of an LC50 (median lethal concentration) and sometimes an EC50 (median effect concentration). Test results may be reported in terms of NOEC (no observed effect concentration), LOEC (lowest observed effect concentration) or as an ECx (concentration where x % reduction of a biological effect occurs. Bioaccumulation test results are reported as the magnitude of contaminant concentration above either the Day 0 tissue baseline analysis or the Day 28 tissues from the negative control or reference soil (that is, 2, 5, 10) (see ).

1.5 This guide is arranged as follows:

Scope Referenced Documents Terminology Summary of Guide Significance and Use Interferences Apparatus Safety Precautions Soil Test Organism Procedure Analytical Methodology Acceptability of Test Calculation of Results Report Annexes . Eisenia fetida.Artificial Soil Composition .Bioaccumulation Testing Utilizing Eisenia fetida.Enchytraeid Reporduction Test (ERT) References

1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.

This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. While some safety considerations are included in this guide, it is beyond the scope of this standard to encompass all safety requirements necessary to conduct soil toxicity tests. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section .

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages PDF Title
1 Scope
2 Referenced Documents
Terminology
3 Summary of Guide
Significance and Use
4 Interferences
5 Apparatus
Safety Precautions
6 Soil
8 Test Organism
Procedure
10 Analytical Methodology
Acceptability of Test
Calculation of Results
11 Report
12 Keywords
A1. EISENIA FETIDA
A1.1
A1.2
A1.3
13 A1.4
A1.5
14 A1.6
A1.7
A1.8
A1.9
15 A1.10
TABLE A1.1
16 A1.11
A2. ARTIFICIAL SOIL COMPOSITION
A2.1
A3. BIOACCUMULATION TESTING USING EISENIA FETIDA
A3.1
A3.2
A3.3
17 A3.4
A3.5
A3.6
A3.7
A3.8
A3.9
FIG. A3.1
TABLE A3.1
18 A3.10
A4. ENCHYTRAEIDAE REPRODUCTION TEST
A4.1 Scope
A4.2 Significance
A4.3 Life History
A4.4 Taxonomy
19 A4.5 Culture of Test Organisms
A4.6 Obtaining Brood Stock
A4.7 Age
A4.8 Handling
A4.9 Selection and Acclimatization
A4.10 Toxicity Test Specifications
23 REFERENCES

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