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BS EN 61746-1:2011:2014 Edition

BS EN 61746-1:2011:2014 Edition

$215.11

Calibration of optical time-domain reflectometers (OTDR) – OTDR for single-mode fibres

Published By Publication Date Number of Pages
BSI 2014 94
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This part of IEC 61746 provides procedures for calibrating single-mode optical time domain reflectometers (OTDR). It only covers OTDR measurement errors and uncertainties.

This standard does not cover correction of the OTDR response.

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages PDF Title
6 CONTENTS
10 INTRODUCTION
11 1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms, definitions and symbols
12 Figures
Figure 1 – Definition of attenuation dead zone
18 4 Preparation for calibration
4.1 Organization
4.2 Traceability
4.3 Preparation
4.4 Test conditions
4.5 Documentation
19 5 Distance calibration – General
5.1 General
5.2 Location deviation model
20 Figure 2 – Representation of the location deviation ΔL(L)
21 5.3 Using the calibration results
5.4 Measuring fibre length
22 6 Distance calibration methods
6.1 General
6.2 External source method
23 Figure 3 – Equipment for calibration of the distance scale – External source method
24 Figure 4 – Set-up for calibrating the system insertion delay
27 6.3 Concatenated fibre method
28 Figure 5 – Concatenated fibres used for calibration of the distance scale
31 6.4 Recirculating delay line method
32 Figure 6 – Distance calibration with a recirculating delay line
Figure 7 – OTDR trace produced by recirculating delay line
35 7 Loss calibration – General
7.1 General
7.2 Determination of the displayed power level F
36 7.3 Selection of an appropriate reference loss Aref
Figure 8 – Determining the reference level and the displayed power level
37 7.4 Development of a test plan
Figure 9 – Measurement of the OTDR loss samples
Table 1 – Attenuation coefficients defining region A
38 Figure 10 – Region A, the recommended region for loss measurement samples
Figure 11 – Possible placement of sample points within region A
39 7.5 Polarization dependence
Figure 12 – External source method for testing the polarization dependence of the OTDR
Figure 13 – Reflection method for testing the polarization dependence of the OTDR
40 7.6 Calculation of the calibration results
7.7 Using the calibration results
8 Loss calibration methods
8.1 General
41 8.2 Fibre standard method
Figure 14 – Loss calibration with a fibre standard
42 Figure 15 – Placing the beginning of section D1 outside the attenuation dead zone
44 8.3 External source method (see Figure 16)
45 Figure 16 – Loss calibration with the external source method
46 Figure 17 – Location and measurements for external source method
48 8.4 Splice simulator method
Figure 18 – Set-up for loss calibration with splice simulator
49 Figure 19 – OTDR display with splice simulator
50 Figure 20 – Measurement of the splice loss
52 8.5 Power reduction method
53 Figure 21 – Loss calibration with “fibre-end” variant of the power reduction method
54 Figure 22 – Loss calibration with “long-fibre” variant of the power reduction method
56 9 Reflectance calibration
9.1 Objective
9.2 Reflectance measurements (see Figure 23)
9.3 Use of the backscatter parameter, K
Figure 23 – Parameters involved in reflectance measurements
57 9.4 Range of reflectance measurement
Figure 24 – The same reflectance at the end of three fibres with different values of the backscatter parameter shows different pulse amplitudes
58 9.5 Development of a test plan
Figure 25 – Maximum and minimum values for the pulse amplitude, ΔF
Figure 26 – Range of reflectance measurement
59 9.6 Equipment
Figure 27 – Determining the default displayed power level and the default location
60 9.7 Measurement procedure
Figure 28 – Set-up for reflectance calibration
62 Annex A (normative) Recirculating delay line for distance calibration
Figure A.1 – Recirculating delay line
63 Figure A.2 – Measurement set-up for loop transit time Tb
64 Figure A.3 – Calibration set-up for lead-in transit time Ta
66 Annex B (normative) Optical fibre standard for loss calibration
67 Figure B.1 – Determination of a highly linear power range
68 Figure B.2 – Testing the longitudinal backscatter uniformity of the fibre standard
70 Annex C (normative) Standard splice simulator for loss calibration
Figure C.1 – Splice simulator and idealized OTDR signature
72 Figure C.2 – Determination of the reference loss Aref
74 Annex D (normative) Mathematical basis
77 Annex E (normative) Reflectance standard
Figure E.1 – Reflectance standard description and trace
80 Figure E.2 – Calibration set up and reference points for calibration
83 Annex F (normative) Simple version of reflectance standard
Figure F.1 – Reflectance standard description and trace
85 Figure F.2 – Calibration set up and reference points for calibration
87 Annex G (informative) OTDR basis: Backscatter theory – Reflectance measurements using an OTDR – Determination of fibre backscatter parameter
88 Figure G.1 – OTDR signals used for determining reflectance
90 Figure G.2 – Set-up for measurement of the backscatter coefficient
92 Bibliography

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BS EN 61746-1:2011
$215.11