BS EN 62388:2013:2014 Edition
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Maritime navigation and radiocommunication equipment and systems. Shipborne radar. Performance requirements, methods of testing and required test results
| Published By | Publication Date | Number of Pages |
| BSI | 2014 | 180 |
IEC 62388:2013 specifies the minimum operational and performance requirements, methods of testing and required test results conforming to performance standards not inferior to those adopted by the IMO in Resolution MSC.192(79). (MSC.192/2) The radar installation, in addition to meeting the general requirements as set out in resolution A.694(17) and the related standard IEC 60945, should comply with the performance standards of MSC.192(79). When a requirement of this standard is different from IEC 60945, the requirement in this standard takes precedence. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2007. This edition constitutes a technical revision. The contents of the corrigendum of February 2014 have been included in this copy.
PDF Catalog
| PDF Pages | PDF Title |
|---|---|
| 4 | Foreword |
| 5 | Endorsement notice |
| 6 | Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications |
| 8 | CONTENTS |
| 17 | 1 Scope 2 Normative references |
| 18 | 3 Terms and definitions |
| 30 | 4 General 4.1 Overview |
| 31 | 4.2 Purpose 4.3 Application of these standards 4.4 Equipment categories |
| 32 | 4.5 Establishing equipment type and status Tables Table 1 – Performance requirements for categories of ship/craft for SOLAS V |
| 33 | 4.6 Conditions of measurement and related definitions 4.7 Quality requirements 5 Tests 5.1 Test sites and simulation 5.1.1 Environmental and RF testing 5.1.2 Over-sea radar performance tests |
| 34 | 5.1.3 Test targets and target simulation for performance tests 5.2 Test terminology and format 5.2.1 General 5.2.2 Test requirement terminology |
| 35 | 5.2.3 Testing method terminology 6 Radar performance 6.1 General 6.2 Transmission and interference 6.2.1 Transmission frequency |
| 36 | 6.2.2 Interference 6.3 Performance optimisation and monitoring 6.3.1 General 6.3.2 Optimum performance |
| 37 | 6.4 Gain and anti-clutter functions 6.4.1 General 6.4.2 Gain function 6.4.3 Manual and automatic sea anti-clutter |
| 38 | 6.4.4 Rain anti-clutter 6.5 Signal processing 6.5.1 General 6.5.2 Target enhancement |
| 39 | 6.5.3 Radar signal correlation 6.5.4 Signal processing and radar image latency 6.5.5 Second-time-around echoes |
| 40 | 6.5.6 Transmission format 6.5.7 Picture update 6.5.8 Additional processing 6.5.9 Signal processing description |
| 41 | 6.6 Operation with SARTs, target enhancers (RTEs) and beacons 6.6.1 General 6.6.2 Radar beacons, SARTs and enhancers 6.7 Minimum range and range compensation 6.7.1 General |
| 42 | 6.7.2 Range compensation 6.7.3 Minimum range |
| 43 | 6.8 Range and bearing discrimination 6.8.1 General 6.8.2 Measurement conditions 6.8.3 Range discrimination 6.8.4 Bearing discrimination |
| 44 | 6.8.5 Fundamental radar accuracy 6.9 Target detection performance assessment 6.9.1 General |
| 45 | 6.9.2 Range of first detection in minimal clutter Table 2 – Range of first detection in clutter-free conditions |
| 48 | Figures Figure 1 – Reduction of range to first detection due to rain at S-band Figure 2 – Reduction of range to first detection due to rain at X-band |
| 51 | Table 3 – X-band pass/fail assessment criteria Table 4 – S-band pass/fail assessment criteria |
| 52 | Table 5 – Pass/fail assessment Table 6 – Douglas sea state parameters |
| 54 | Table 7 – Main horizontal beam pattern |
| 55 | Table 8 – Effective side-lobes |
| 56 | 7 Display presentation 7.1 General 7.1.1 Requirements 7.1.2 Methods of test and required results 7.2 Linearity and index delay 7.2.1 Requirements 7.2.2 Methods of test and required results 7.3 Use and discrimination of colour 7.3.1 Requirements 7.3.2 Methods of test and required results |
| 57 | 8 CCRP and own ship 8.1 Consistent common reference point (CCRP) 8.1.1 CCRP 8.1.2 CCRP position 8.1.3 Measurements |
| 58 | 8.1.4 Antenna offset 8.2 Own ship 8.2.1 General 8.2.2 Own ship’s outline and minimised symbol 8.2.3 Heading line |
| 59 | 8.2.4 Stern line 9 Navigation tools 9.1 General 9.2 Units of measurement 9.2.1 Requirements |
| 60 | 9.2.2 Methods of test and required results 9.3 Presentation 9.3.1 Requirements 9.3.2 Methods of test and required results 9.4 Display range scales 9.4.1 Mandatory range scales |
| 61 | 9.5 Variable range marker (VRM) 9.5.1 General 9.5.2 VRM measurements |
| 62 | 9.6 Electronic bearing line (EBL) 9.6.1 General 9.6.2 EBL measurements |
| 63 | 9.6.3 EBL origin position 9.7 Cursor 9.7.1 General 9.7.2 Cursor measurement |
| 64 | 9.7.3 Selection by cursor 9.8 Offset measurement of range and bearing 9.8.1 General 9.8.2 Electronic range and bearing line (ERBL) |
| 65 | 9.9 Parallel index lines (PI) 9.9.1 General 9.9.2 PI lines and positioning |
| 66 | 9.10 Bearing scale 9.10.1 General 9.10.2 Bearing scale presentation |
| 67 | 9.11 Range rings 9.11.1 General 9.11.2 Range ring presentation and measurement |
| 68 | 9.12 Radar maps 9.12.1 General 9.12.2 Map functions and display simple user-defined maps 9.12.3 Map memory and transfer |
| 69 | 9.12.4 Map presentation properties Table 9 – Features and colours to be used for radar maps |
| 70 | 10 Orientation, motion and stabilisation 10.1 General 10.2 Azimuth orientation 10.2.1 Accuracy of alignment |
| 71 | 10.2.2 Heading readout and reference |
| 72 | 10.2.3 Azimuth stabilisation update 10.3 Motion and orientation modes 10.3.1 General 10.3.2 True and relative motion |
| 73 | 10.4 Off-centring 10.4.1 General 10.4.2 Manual and automatic off-centring 10.4.3 Automatic reset |
| 74 | 10.4.4 Display orientation |
| 75 | 10.5 Ground and sea stabilisation 10.5.1 Mode and source 10.5.2 Ground stabilisation |
| 76 | 10.5.3 Sea stabilisation 11 Aids for collision avoidance 11.1 General 11.2 Target trails and past positions 11.2.1 General |
| 77 | 11.2.2 Time and plot requirements 11.2.3 Trails/past position availability |
| 78 | 11.3 Target tracking (TT) 11.3.1 General 11.3.2 Presentation of targets |
| 79 | 11.3.3 Tracking calculations 11.3.4 Target tracking availability |
| 80 | 11.3.5 Classification and tracked target capacity Table 10 – Tracked target capacity (subset of Table 1) |
| 83 | Table 11 – Typical tracked target accuracy (95 % probability figures) |
| 84 | Table 12 – TT scenario 1, with sensor errors applied Table 13 – TT scenario 1, times of measurement task |
| 85 | Figure 3 – TT scenario 1 Table 14 – TT scenario 1, accuracies after 1 min and 3 min (all ± values) |
| 86 | Figure 4 – TT scenario 2 Table 15 – TT scenario 2, own ship turning through ± 180° |
| 87 | Figure 5 – TT scenario 3 Table 16 – TT scenario 3, initial target data Table 17 – TT scenario 4, initial target data for fast targets (standard speed ships) |
| 88 | Figure 6 – TT scenario 4 Table 18 – TT scenario 4, initial target data for fast targets (HSC) |
| 89 | Figure 7 – TT scenario 5 Table 19 – TT scenario 5: initial target data for standard craft Table 20 – TT scenario 5: initial target data for collision scenario for HSC |
| 90 | Table 21 – Measurement points and results at 3 min and 6 min for HSC Table 22 – Measurement points and results at 11 min and 14 min for HSC Table 23 – Measurement points and results at 3 min and 6 min for standard craft |
| 91 | Table 24 – Measurement points and results at 11 min and 14 min for standard craft Table 25 – Measurement of tracked target accuracy |
| 94 | Table 26 – AIS display capacity (subset of Table 1) |
| 101 | Table 27 – AIS reporting rates |
| 103 | Table 28 – Association scenario 1, initial TT and AIS target position and data |
| 104 | Table 29 – Association scenario 1, AIS target data for diverging and converging tracks Table 30 – Association scenario 2, initial TT and AIS target position and data |
| 105 | Table 31 – Association scenario 2, AIS target data for changing speed Table 32 – Association scenario 3, TT and AIS target start position and data |
| 106 | Table 33 – Association scenario 4, initial TT and AIS target position and data Table 34 – Association scenario 4, TT and AIS target with the same course and speed |
| 107 | 12 Chart radar (optional classification) 12.1 General requirements 12.1.1 General 12.1.2 Chart operation and source |
| 108 | 12.1.3 Chart elements and availability |
| 109 | 12.1.4 Chart reference 12.1.5 Primary chart information set |
| 110 | 12.1.6 Chart stabilisation and chart redraw |
| 111 | 12.1.7 Chart position and latency 12.1.8 Matching and adjustment |
| 112 | 12.1.9 Chart symbols, colours, and size |
| 113 | 12.1.10 Chart display size 12.1.11 Chart alerts and indications |
| 114 | 12.1.12 Chart malfunction 12.1.13 Chart radar malfunction 12.2 Additional requirements for standalone radar with chart facilities 12.2.1 General 12.2.2 Provision and updating of chart information |
| 115 | 12.2.3 Content and structure of chart data 12.3 Additional requirements for ECDIS back-up (optional) 12.3.1 General 12.3.2 Requirements 12.3.3 Test Methods and required results 13 Ergonomic criteria (control functions and display) 13.1 General 13.2 Operational controls |
| 116 | 13.3 Primary controls |
| 117 | 13.4 Control properties 13.5 Default control setting and saved user control settings |
| 118 | Table 35 – Control settings configured in response to ‘Default’ selection |
| 119 | 14 Interfacing 14.1 General 14.2 Input interfacing 14.2.1 Input data |
| 120 | 14.2.2 Input quality, integrity and latency 14.3 Output interfacing 14.3.1 Output format 14.3.2 Output target data |
| 121 | 14.3.3 VDR interface |
| 122 | 15 Design, servicing and installation 15.1 General 15.2 Fault diagnosis and servicing 15.2.1 Requirements |
| 123 | 15.2.2 Methods of test and required results 15.3 Display design 15.3.1 Requirements 15.3.2 Methods of test and required results 15.4 Transceiver design 15.4.1 General |
| 124 | 15.4.2 Sector blanking 15.5 Antenna design 15.5.1 Requirements 15.5.2 Methods of test and required results |
| 125 | 15.6 Inter-switched and multiple radars 15.6.1 General 15.6.2 System safeguards 15.6.3 Combining radar |
| 126 | 15.6.4 Multiple radar system status 15.7 Multiple operational displays 15.7.1 Additional information and conformity 15.7.2 Requirements |
| 127 | 15.8 Safety – antenna and radiation 15.8.1 General 15.8.2 Antenna radiation and rotation 15.8.3 Microwave radiation levels |
| 128 | 16 Alerts and failures 16.1 General 16.1.1 Priority of alerts 16.1.2 Alerts and indications 16.1.3 Alarm contact outputs 16.1.4 Alert management interface |
| 129 | 16.1.5 Unacknowledged warnings |
| 130 | 16.1.6 Unacknowledged alarms 16.1.7 Remote acknowledgement and silencing of alerts |
| 131 | 16.1.8 Picture freeze 16.1.9 Sensor failure alert 16.2 Backup and fallback arrangements 16.2.1 Requirements 16.2.2 Failure of heading information (azimuth stabilisation) |
| 132 | 16.2.3 Failure of speed through the water information 16.2.4 Failure of course and speed over ground information 16.2.5 Failure of position input information |
| 133 | 16.2.6 Failure of radar video input information 16.2.7 Failure of AIS input information 16.2.8 Failure of an integrated or networked system 17 Environmental testing 17.1 General |
| 134 | 17.2 Testing to IEC 60945 17.2.1 Requirements 17.2.2 Methods of test and required results 17.3 Additional environmental tests 17.3.1 General |
| 135 | 17.3.2 Antenna shock test 18 Equipment familiarisation and documentation 18.1 Familiarisation simulator 18.1.1 General 18.1.2 Requirements 18.1.3 Methods of test and required results Table 36 – Antenna shock test severity (half sine pulse) |
| 136 | 18.2 Instructions and documentation 18.2.1 General 18.2.2 Documentation 18.2.3 Operating instructions |
| 137 | 18.3 Radar system installation 18.3.1 Requirements 18.3.2 Methods of test and required results |
| 138 | 18.4 Maintenance information for equipment update 18.4.1 Requirements 18.4.2 Methods of test and required results |
| 139 | Annex A (informative) Guidelines for radar functionality on navigation displays |
| 140 | Annex B (normative) Unwanted emissions of radar systems |
| 141 | Table B.1 – Measurement frequency ranges |
| 143 | Figure B.1 – B–40 falls within the allocated band |
| 144 | Figure B.2 – B–40 falls outside the allocated band |
| 145 | Annex C (informative) Radar target size (RCS) and detection range calculations |
| 148 | Figure C.1 – Enhancement by reflection (dB) over free-space (9,41 GHz) Figure C.2 – Enhancement by reflection (dB) over free-space (3,05 GHz) |
| 149 | Annex D (informative) Factors that influence target detection |
| 150 | Table D.1 – Spread of RCS values for typical ships |
| 151 | Figure D.1 – Effect of sea spikes on target detection |
| 152 | Table D.2 – S-band performance predictions for ranges of 0,2, 0,4, 0,7 NM Table D.3 – X-band performance predictions for ranges of 0,2, 0,7 NM |
| 153 | Figure D.2 – Multi-path plots for S-band Figure D.3 – Multi-path plot for X-band |
| 154 | Table D.4 – Parameters for attenuation in uniform rain conditions Table D.5 – Typical values for attenuation and backscatter in uniform rain conditions Table D.6 – Additional radar system parameters (X/S-band) |
| 155 | Table D.7 – Target size, height and RCS values |
| 156 | Table D.8 – S-band radar parameters (LP) |
| 157 | Table D.9 – X-band radar parameters (LP) |
| 158 | Annex E (normative) Sensor errors |
| 160 | Annex F (informative) Target scenario simulator/reported target simulator |
| 161 | Annex G (informative) Tracked and reported target states Figure G.1 – Tracked target states Figure G.2 – AIS target state |
| 162 | Annex H (normative) IEC 61162 sentence formats Table H.1 – Mandatory IEC 61162-1 sentences |
| 163 | Table H.2 – Optional IEC 61162-3 messages |
| 164 | Table H.3 – Description of terms |
| 165 | Table H.4 – Header format (1 of 2) |
| 167 | Table H.5 – Package data format |
| 171 | Annex I (normative) Radar control function/indication grouping Table I.1 – Top-level grouping of data and control functions for radar applications |
| 172 | Table I.2 – Icons for common function controls (1 of 2) |
| 175 | Annex J (informative) Interference to shipborne radar fromemissions in adjacent frequency bands |
| 178 | Bibliography |
