IEEE 1207 2011

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IEEE Guide for the Application of Turbine Governing Systems for Hydroelectric Generating Units

Published By	Publication Date	Number of Pages
IEEE	2011	131

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Description

Revision Standard – Active. This guide is intended to complement IEEE Std 125, providing application details and addressing the impact of plant and system features on hydroelectric unit governing performance. It provides guidance for the design and application of hydroelectric turbine governing systems. There is a heightened awareness within the electric utility industry of the importance in the effective application of governing systems for dynamic stability. The need exists to provide guidance in the effective governing system application for a better understanding among users.

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PDF Pages	PDF Title
1	IEEE Std 1207-2011 Front Cover
3	Title page
6	Introduction Notice to users Laws and regulations
7	Copyrights Updating of IEEE documents Errata Interpretations Patents
8	Participants
9	Contents
13	Important notice 1. Overview 1.1 Scope 1.2 Purpose 2. Normative references
14	3. Definitions
15	4. Functions and characteristics 4.1 Servomotor position feedback
16	4.2 Servomotor position 4.3 Servomotor time 4.3.1 Maximum transient overspeed 4.3.2 Maximum water passage pressure
17	4.3.3 Minimum water passage pressure 4.4 Cushioning time 4.5 Permanent speed droop and speed regulation 4.5.1 Permanent speed droop
21	4.5.2 Speed regulation
23	4.6 Governor speed deadband 4.7 Blade control deadband 4.8 Governor deadtime 4.9 Stability 4.10 Rated speed
24	4.11 Overspeed 4.12 Underspeed 4.13 Maximum momentary speed variation 4.14 Runaway speed 4.15 Rated operating head 4.16 Steady-state governing speed band
25	4.17 Steady-state governing load band 4.18 Speed 4.19 Speed reference 4.20 Speed deviation 4.21 Power output 4.22 Rated power output
26	4.23 Maximum power output 4.24 Governor controller 4.24.1 Temporary droop governor controller
27	4.24.2 PID governor controller
28	4.24.3 Double-derivative governor controller
29	4.24.4 Feedforward controller
30	4.24.5 State space controller 4.24.6 Impulse turbine controller
32	4.25 Stabilizing adjustments 4.25.1 Temporary droop 4.25.2 Time constant of the damping device 4.25.3 Integral gain 4.25.4 Proportional gain
33	4.25.5 Derivative gain 4.25.6 Permanent speed droop 4.26 Water inertia time
34	4.27 Mechanical inertia time
35	4.28 Impact upon stability 4.29 Automatic generation control 4.30 Efficiency optimization
36	5. Elements of the turbine governing system 5.1 Setpoint controller
37	5.1.1 Error computation and processing
38	5.1.2 Feedback 5.1.3 Feedforward
39	5.2 Actuator
40	5.2.1 Mechanical actuators 5.2.2 Mechanical hydraulic actuators 5.2.3 Electromechanical actuators
41	5.2.4 Electrohydraulic actuators 5.2.5 Hydraulic control valve design
42	5.2.6 Electronic load actuators 5.3 Controlled process
43	5.3.1 Turbine 5.3.2 Generator 5.3.3 Water passage
44	5.4 Shutdown control 5.5 System examples 5.6 System modifications
45	6. Equipment specifications 6.1 Cooperation of manufacturers 6.2 Governor equipment 6.2.1 Governor construction
46	6.2.2 Special considerations affecting electrohydraulic governors
48	6.2.3 Governor actuator rating
49	6.3 Components or auxiliary devices 6.3.1 Speed changer 6.3.2 Servomotor limit 6.3.3 Permanent speed droop changer 6.3.4 Speed regulation changer
50	6.3.5 Servomotor velocity adjustment 6.3.6 Restoring connection
51	6.3.7 Speed sensor source
52	6.3.8 Manual control
53	6.3.9 Servomotor position indicator 6.3.10 Automatic shutdown 6.3.11 Emergency stop pushbutton 6.3.12 Generator air braking system 6.3.13 Air brake pressure gauge 6.3.14 Speed indicators 6.3.15 Adjustable-blade turbine control
55	6.3.16 Pump turbine control 6.3.17 Hydraulic pressure supply system
63	6.3.18 Nameplate 6.3.19 Switches
65	6.3.20 Automatic servomotor lock control
66	6.3.21 Remote control 6.3.22 Remote indication
67	6.3.23 Automatic control 6.3.24 Electrical control power 6.3.25 Auxiliary components for pump turbines 6.3.26 Rotor creep detector 6.3.27 Fire protection system 6.3.28 Alarms
68	6.3.29 Spare parts and accessories 6.4 Types of turbine governing system installations 6.4.1 New installations 6.4.2 Replacements
69	6.4.3 Conversions 7. Performance specifications 7.1 Stability
70	7.1.1 Sustained condition
71	7.1.2 Load rejection
72	7.1.3 Speed control, fluctuating isolated load basis
73	7.1.4 Stability studies 7.2 Permanent speed droop and speed regulation
74	7.3 Deadband 7.4 Deadtime 7.5 Range of governor speed changer adjustment 7.6 Manual control 7.6.1 Fully independent manual control
75	7.6.2 Selectable manual control mode 7.7 Turbine control servomotor time adjustment 7.7.1 Controlling maximum turbine control servomotor rate
76	7.7.2 Servomotor loading
77	7.8 Governor damping adjustments 7.8.1 Temporary droop governor adjustments 7.8.2 PID governor adjustment
78	8. Information to be provided by the manufacturer 8.1 Information to be provided at the time of submission of proposals 8.2 Drawings 8.3 Operation and maintenance manuals 8.4 Long-term maintenance assurance
79	9. Acceptance tests 9.1 Factory acceptance tests 9.1.1 Deadband test 9.1.2 Deadtime test 9.1.3 Gain verification test 9.1.4 Transient immunity test 9.2 Field acceptance tests 9.2.1 Servomotor timing test
80	9.2.2 Upset stability test
81	9.2.3 Load rejection response test
82	9.2.4 Online generation response test 9.2.5 Online servomotor response test
83	9.2.6 Deadtime test 9.2.7 Speed stability index test
84	9.2.8 Power stability index test 9.2.9 Simulated speed step test
85	9.3 Performance auditing
86	10. Data to be furnished by the purchaser 10.1 Rated turbine output 10.2 Rated operating head 10.3 Rated speed 10.4 Rated discharge 10.5 Type of setpoint parameter
87	10.6 Ambient conditions 10.7 Seismic requirements 10.8 Surge tank dimensions and type 10.9 Water inertia time 10.10 Pressure regulator valve capacity under full head 10.11 Unit mechanical inertia 10.12 Station ac and dc voltages
88	10.13 Powerhouse drawings showing suggested location of equipment 10.14 Combined servomotor volume, stroke, and timing 10.14.1 Wicket gate servomotor 10.14.2 Runner blade servomotor 10.14.3 Deflector servomotor 10.14.4 Needle servomotor 10.15 Servomotor design operating pressure 10.16 Turbine control servomotor connection sizes
89	10.17 Servomotor travel direction to close 10.18 Minimum differential pressure required to close 10.19 Gate shaft or deflector shaft direction and angular travel to close 10.20 Required governor capacity 10.21 Turbine control servomotor time: opening and closing 10.22 Results of turbine model tests or index tests 10.23 Switchboard instrument specifications
90	10.24 Speed switch specifications 10.25 Brake actuating medium 10.26 Interface to purchaser equipment 10.27 Special design considerations 10.28 Required initial adjustments 10.29 Complete prototype turbine data
91	Annex A (informative) Bibliography
94	Annex B (informative) Impact of turbine design on governing performance
97	Annex C (informative) Examples of turbine governing systems
99	Annex D (informative) Experience gained from challenging applications
104	Annex E (informative) Governor simulations to demonstrate sensitivity of governor parameters on performance
114	Annex F (informative) Tuning of turbine governing systems
126	Annex G (informative) Verification of turbine governing system performance
129	Annex H (informative) Techniques for evaluating speed control performance of turbine

Additional information

Standard Title	IEEE Guide for the Application of Turbine Governing Systems for Hydroelectric Generating Units
Published Code	IEEE
Publication Date	2011
Pages Count	131

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