This European Standard specifies a method for the determination of the softening point of bitumen and bituminous binders in the range of 28 \u00b0C to 150 \u00b0C. Technical warning – The change from mercury thermometers to electronic temperature devices has revealed that the temperature definition in the mercury thermometer has not been precise enough to make a correct, unbiased transfer to electronic devices. Care should be taken for softening points ring and ball above 100 \u00b0C as the condition may have changed from previous practise to present days testing equipment. Below approx. 100 \u00b0C the difference in temperature readings between electronic and mercury stem thermometer is acceptable compared to the repeatability of this test methods. [Reference: ASTM E20 Group] NOTE The method described is also applicable to bituminous binders that have been recovered from bituminous mixes, e.g. by extraction. WARNING \u2014 Use of this European Standard can involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This European Standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this European Standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.<\/p>\n
| PDF Pages<\/th>\n | PDF Title<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 26<\/td>\n | Foreword <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 27<\/td>\n | 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions 4 Principle 5 Reagents and materials 5.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 28<\/td>\n | 5.2 Bath liquid 5.2.1 Distilled or deionized water 5.2.2 Glycerol, with a density (1 250 \u00b1 10) kg\/m3 at 20 C, with a 99 % mass fraction purity. 5.3 Release agent, mixture of glycerol and dextrin or mineral talc, or another commercially available release agent. 6 Apparatus 6.1 Ring and Ball apparatus, <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 29<\/td>\n | 6.2 Calibration\/Verification <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 30<\/td>\n | 7 Preparation and preservation of laboratory samples and test samples 8 Procedure and reporting <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 32<\/td>\n | 9 Expression of results 10 Precision 10.1 Repeatability 10.2 Reproducibility Table 1 \u2014 Precision <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 33<\/td>\n | 11 Test report <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 34<\/td>\n | Figure 3 \u2014 Ball centering guide (examples) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 35<\/td>\n | Figure 4 \u2014 Ring holder (A) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 37<\/td>\n | Annex A (informative) Characteristics of thermometers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 38<\/td>\n | Annex B (informative) Examples of valid and invalid temperature gradients B.1 Examples B.1.1 General B.1.2 Example 1 Bath liquid: Water Table B.1 \u2014 Examples of valid and invalid temperature gradient for water as bath liquid. Invalid part of Test 2 is shown in bold letters <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 39<\/td>\n | B.1.3 Example 2 Bath liquid: Glycerol Table B.2 \u2014 Example of valid temperature gradient for glycerol as bath liquid <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 40<\/td>\n | Table B.3 \u2014 Example of invalid temperature gradient for water as bath liquid. Invalid part of Test 2 is shown in bold letters <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 41<\/td>\n | Bibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Tracked Changes. Bitumen and bituminous binders. Determination of the softening point. Ring and Ball method<\/b><\/p>\n |